Likewise, several KEGG pathways and biological processes terms related to immune and inflammatory functions identified (e.g., NOD-like receptor signaling, NF-κB signaling, TNF signaling, Chemokine signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, defense responses, and regulation of cytokine production; Supplemental Table S6E, S5F) were associated to both S. aureus and S. chromogens suggesting that both pathogens belonging to the staphylococci genus use some common mechanisms to manipulate the host immune response to establish subclinical mastitis and persist within the host. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is mastitis.