Preclinical studies demonstrate that the OX40 agonist GSK3174998 synergizes with pembrolizumab to enhance antitumor immune responses in both in vitro and in vivo models, Clinically, this combination exhibits modest efficacy in immunologically ‘hot’ tumors (e.g., subsets of melanoma and NSCLC), yet demonstrates limited activity in ‘cold’ tumor microenvironments such as soft tissue sarcoma (STS) (34). This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF4 and neoplasm.