This review summarizes the multifaceted functions of SQSTM1 in the context of IDD, including its involvement in the autophagy-lysosome pathway, antioxidant defense via the Keap1-Nrf2 axis, activation of the NF-κB signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome, and modulation of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. The gene discussed is KEAP1; the disease is intervertebral disk degenerative disorder.