Study participants with Plasmodium infection had a higher proportion of anemia (21.1% vs 6.1%, P = .048), high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (58.1% vs 25.0%, P = .008), raised plasma/serum IgM (30.5% vs 10.5%, P = .030), and splenomegaly (25.4% vs 2.5%, P = .002) as well as lower proportion of eosinophilia (8.3% vs 24.4%, P = .048), compared to those without Plasmodium infection (Table 2). Here, CD40LG is linked to anemia (phenotype).