LUM and melanoma: Melanoma mouse models are typically categorized into three types: inducible models (e.g., UV-induced models and chemically induced models using DMBA or TPA), transplantable models (including syngeneic and xenograft models), and transgenic models (such as Lum−/− knockout mice, TyrN-RasQ61K transgenic mice, and BrafV600E transgenic mice) (Kuzu et al., 2015; Day et al., 2017), these models have become essential tools for investigating the pathogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic evaluation of melanoma.