PLD4 and systemic lupus erythematosus: Besides, monogenic lupus driven by the PLD4–TLR7/9 axis shares similarities with interferonopathies in autoinflammatory diseases1,2,20,40 and genome-wide association studies have also shown that, in addition to SLE, PLD4 is associated with several other diseases, such as systemic sclerosis41 and rheumatoid arthritis42.