This discrepancy may reflect key methodological differences: (i) COPSAC assessed IgE sensitization rather than clinically confirmed food allergy; (ii) their cohort had substantially lower mean cord 25(OH)D (12.9 ng/mL) with minimal high-exposure representation (<1.5% > 30 ng/mL), potentially limiting detection of non-linear effects; and (iii) population-specific genetic/epigenetic factors may modulate vitamin D’s immunoregulatory effects. Here, IGHE is linked to food allergy.