For instance, an investigation focusing on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) showed that pancreatic cells expressing oncogenic Kras had higher level of 4HNE (4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal), a marker for mitochondrial oxidative stress, and Mito-Q, the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, could reduce Kras-caused formation of pancreatic abnormal structures in mice (11). This evidence concerns the gene KRAS and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.