Genomic research indicated that gain-of-function mutations in Catenin Beta 1 (CTNNB1) (Cai et al., 2024), which encodes the β-catenin protein, and loss-of-function mutations in Axis inhibition protein 1 (Axin1) were identified in 35% of human HCC samples (Xu et al., 2022). The gene discussed is AXIN1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.