TNF and synovial sarcoma: SS is characterized by high levels of inflammation-associated molecules like C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), triggering the activation of cytokines such as endothelial and smooth muscle cells in vascular tissue, leading to the expression of adhesion molecules like VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, as well as numerous chemokines that support cellular infiltration into the artery wall as well as inflammation in the artery wall [21].