USP32 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Notably, other USP family members—including USP22, USP10, and USP32—have been associated with adverse prognosis in various malignancies, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (Ning et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2024; Li et al., 2023), non-small cell lung cancer (Li et al., 2024).