We performed paired single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) and surface protein sequencing (CITE-seq) analysis on TFH cells (CD3+CD4+CD45RA−CD45RO+CXCR5+) from tonsils of adults with sleep apnea but otherwise ostensibly healthy individuals (Extended Data Fig. 8a,b and Supplementary Table 2; Donor Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene CXCR5 and sleep apnea syndrome.