Among hypertrophy-related genes (ANP, BNP, β-MyHC, COL1A1), only BNP mRNA levels significantly increased (1.9-fold; p < 0.01), while CYP4B1 expression was suppressed (Fig 6C–6D), suggesting its inhibitory role in cardiac hypertrophy. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and cardiac hypertrophy.