INS and diabetes mellitus: This slower digestion and absorption lower postprandial glucose spikes, improving insulin function and potentially reducing T2DM incidence.94,95,111,112 International organizations, including the FAO, WHO, and European Association for the Study of Diabetes, recommend categorizing foods by their GI to manage blood glucose levels.113,114 However, GI is only one piece of the puzzle, as other factors significantly influence glycemic response.