CD274 and cancer: A phase I study, known as KEYNOTE-001 (NCT01295827), checked anti-cancer effectiveness and safety of pembrolizumab in NSCLC patients both treated and untreated.27 After the convincing results of KEYNOTE-001, another phase III trial KEYNOTE-024 (NCT02142738) was conducted where high PD-L1 expressing untreated NSCLC patients were given pembrolizumab versus platinum-based chemotherapy.