TGFB1 and inflammatory bowel disease: ETS2 has been increasingly recognized for its role in the development of intestinal fibrosis, a major complication of IBD that leads to stricturing disease and bowel obstruction.[57] Chronic inflammation in IBD drives excessive extracellular matrix deposition, leading to tissue remodeling and fibrosis.[36] ETS2 is involved in key signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and Wnt, which regulate fibroblast activation and EMT.