Consistent with a recent report showing that tumor cells or tumor cell culture supernatant could function as the second stimulus for trained BMDMs (Ding et al., 2023), we also observed increased TNF and IL-6 production of trained macrophages upon secondary stimulation using MC38 tumor cells culture supernatant, and such effect was also inhibited by AurA knockdown or inhibition (Figure 1G). Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.