Notably, several genes—including LPL (lipoprotein lipase, a lipid and lipoprotein metabolism gene), PTGS2 (lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and OXPHOS gene), and APP (amyloid beta precursor protein, OXPHOS gene)—were also upregulated among multiple cell types in AD brain (Figure 1I and Supplementary Figures 5A, B).10 Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the 3xTg-AD model promotes EndoMT, cell death, and fibrosis pathways in the brain and brain cells by upregulating genes involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, glucose metabolism, and OXPHOS. Here, APP is linked to Alzheimer disease.