IL4 and Alzheimer disease: Moreover, luteolin has been shown to reduce serum IgE levels and attenuate scratching behavior in AD mouse model (Choi et al., 2010), with additional evidence showing its pharmacological effects in various pruritus models suggests that luteolin may inhibit mast cell degranulation and suppression of IL-4/IgE and PGD2–IL-33 signaling pathways (Gendrisch et al., 2021).