IL4 and Alzheimer disease: Similarly, quercetin and its derivatives have been shown to downregulate the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and Th2-associated cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and TSLP), while reducing serum IgE levels and eosinophil counts in AD mouse model, suggesting that they may concurrently mitigate oxidative stress and modulate immune responses (Jafarinia et al., 2020).