TNF and Alzheimer disease: Puerarin has been reported to suppress the expression of Th1-associated chemokine (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11) in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT model, and to attenuate inflammation and skin tissue damage in a DNCB-induced AD mouse model (Lee et al., 2018).