FOXO1 and ischemic stroke: In the context of ischemic stroke, imbalanced mitophagy exacerbates neuronal injury, while the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway participates in mitophagy regulation by modulating downstream molecules such as the FOXO1 transcription factor to influence the expression of mitophagy-related genes (Shen et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2022).