KRAS and colorectal carcinoma: To investigate the effects of 8-Nitrotryp across diverse CRC biology, we selected two well-characterized cell lines representing distinct molecular subtypes: HCT116 (MSI-H, KRASG13D, TP53 wild-type) exhibits rapid proliferation and represents MSI-H tumors with defective mismatch repair; SW480 (MSS, KRASG12V, TP53 mutant) displays strong migratory and invasive behavior, characteristic of aggressive MSS subtypes often associated with KRAS mutations and EMT.