This noninferiority trial compared the safety of tofacitinib (5 mg or 10 mg twice daily dosing) versus tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antagonist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were aged ≥ 50 and had at least 1 additional cardiovascular risk factor including current smoker, hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease (CAD), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level <40 mg/dL, family history of premature coronary heart disease and/or extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis. Here, TNF is linked to diabetes mellitus.