LDHA and thyroid gland carcinoma: According to cell culture studies, thyroid cancer cell lines have noticeably higher levels of LDH activity than healthy thyroid cells, and an increase in its activity usually accompanies the increased expression of LDHA (Du et al., 2023), which further promotes the production of lactate to provide energy for tumor cells, while thyroid cancer cell proliferation and metastasis can be considerably reduced by inhibiting LDHA activity (Broecker-Preuss et al., 2016).