In addition, in the kidney of the DKD rat model, it was found that the expression of M1-type macrophage markers CD80 and CD86 increased, while the expressions of M2-type macrophage markers CD163 and CD206 decreased, indicating that the transformation of macrophages to the M1 phenotype played an important role in promoting the progression of DKD [13]. This evidence concerns the gene CD163 and diabetic kidney disease.