PMAIP1 and cancer: NOXA facilitates apoptosis indirectly through binding anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 family protein myeloid cell leukemia-1(Mcl-1), which is overexpressed in many cancers, including ovarian cancer, leading to progression and poor prognosis19.This ultimately promotes pro-apoptotic Bax/Bak activation, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), and triggers the release of cytochrome C along with caspase activation and the execution of apoptosis20.