Another study revealed the circadian dysrhythmia of immune cells of T1D, as patients with T1D had significant phase shifts in the time of peak occurrence of B cells ( + 4.8 h), CD4 and CD8 T cells ( + 5 h), and their naive and effector memory subsets ( + 3.3 to +4.5 h), and regulatory T cells ( + 4.1 h) [139]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.