Oxidative stress is a key pathogenic mechanism of AKI, hence oxidative stress-related pathways are the key regulator in AKI, including the NOXs pathway, AMPK/PKC pathway, Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, Nrf2/SIRT3/SOD2 pathway, SIRT1/PGC-1α/FoxO1 pathway. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is acute kidney injury.