VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Advances in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) pathogenesis, particularly Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene dysregulation, have led to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as sunitinib, pazopanib, and cabozantinib, which are treatment options for advanced ccRCC by targeting VEGF-driven angiogenesis (5–7).