Autophagy degrades eIF4G1 and PSD-95 proteins, corrects the dysregulatedpostsynaptic organization and actin dynamics, and rescues the spine and cognitive deficits.These findings are validated with FXS mouse model with neuron-specific autophagy deficit,FXS mouse model with brainspecific autophagy activation, and human FXS neurons derived fromof patient pluripotent stem cells. The gene discussed is EIF4G1; the disease is fragile X syndrome.