MAPK1 and hypertensive disorder: In the HTN-specific network (ME7), MAPK1 was identified as the topological hub with the highest degree of connectivity, followed by BUB1B, CDK1, and RPS6. The prominence of MAPK1, a key effector of the MAPK/ERK pathway, highlights its relevance in hypertensive pathophysiology, where it modulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, endothelial function, and oxidative stress responses.