TGFB1 and renal fibrosis: S. miltiorrhiza root and rhizome reduced ROS level and alleviated renal injury by regulating the NADPH oxidase signaling pathway and also regulated the signaling pathways related to renal fibrosis and inflammation, including the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, which has a significant protective effect on CRF (Cai et al., 2018).