TNS2 and cancer: Specifically, it increased phosphorylation levels of IRS1, Akt, Mek, Erk, and IRS1 protein levels, and application of a PI3K inhibitor suppressed the TNS2 knockdown-induced phosphorylation and protein levels of IRS1 in A549 cells [13], suggesting that TNS2 inhibits cancer cell proliferation by downregulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, possibly through activating the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK cascade.