ULK1 and infection: Under stress conditions such as nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, infection, inflammation, or exposure to various chemical agents, the ULK1 complex composed of unc-51-like kinases 1 and 2 (ULK1 and ULK2), ATG13, ATG101, and focal adhesion kinase family interacting protein of 200 kDa (FIP200) becomes activated [9].