Among the changes observed in the brains of AD patients are the accumulation of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) in the form of extra- and intracellular amyloid aggregates in the parenchyma and the cerebral vasculature, the intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein in the form of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuronal and synaptic loss and damage, in addition to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress (Griffiths & Grant, 2022; Walsh & Selkoe, 2020). Here, APP is linked to Alzheimer disease.