Pairwise comparisons among the subgroups within the HDP and normal pregnancy groups (Figure 4) revealed that newborns born to mothers with GH, PE, CH, and CH + PE exhibited lower levels of alanine, citrulline, ornithine, proline, and valine, as well as the ratio of ornithine/citrulline, than those born to mothers with normal pregnancies. This evidence concerns the gene C4B and cyclic hematopoiesis.