IL10 and metabolic disease: Akkermansia plays a crucial role in addressing metabolic disorders, such as obesity and hypertriglyceridemia, owing to its adverse associations with total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, and its favorable associations with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, interleukin-10, and secretory immunoglobulin A (Zhou et al., 2021; Yavorov-Dayliev et al., 2023; Gao et al., 2025).