As expected, we observed that ligustilide attenuated macrophage infiltration in the colon and reduced IL-1β and TNF-α transcription levels and expressions of iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-induced macrophage and colitis mice, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ligustilide might involve the suppression of macrophage-driven inflammatory responses. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is colitis.