Monoclonal antibodies against TIM-3 (e.g. Sabatolimab) and their combination with other immune checkpoint inhibitors or HMA, BCL-2 inhibitors, etc. have achieved certain results in MDS/AML clinical trials, and some patients have achieved long-lasting remission, while cellular therapeutic strategies, such as CAR-T/CAR-NK, have provided a new way of thinking for refractory relapse cases. Here, HAVCR2 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.