Currently, the TIM3-related signaling pathways in AML/MDS are mainly TIM-3/Gal-9 and TIM-3/CEACAM1, while the TIM3/HMBG1 and TIM-3/PtdSer pathways have been less well studied in AML and have not been studied in MDS. Here, LGALS9 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.