Therefore, in the present study, we sought to evaluate the phenotype profile (HLA-DR, CD-38, Ki-67) of M.tuberculosis specific CD4 + T cells producing dual IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines from smear negative PTB patients before, during, and after completed anti-TB treatment in comparison patients with smear positive PTB, non TB other respiratory symptoms, apparently healthy QFT positive and negative study participants using polychromatic flow cytometry in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This evidence concerns the gene CD38 and tuberculosis.