INS and Hypoglycemia: The primary outcome was to assess the impact of early initiation (defined as less than 24–48 h) of non-insulin hypoglycemic agents following acute management of DKA/HHS in controlling glycemic variation by measuring delta blood glucose “BG,” with secondary outcomes including hypoglycemia incidence, correctional insulin requirements, predictors for hospital length of stay (LOS), 90-day mortality, and hospital readmissions.