INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Namely, intermittent fasting promotes lower energy intake (in a shorter daily eating window, the risk of overeating is lower); this results in weight loss, which in its turn improves glycaemic and insulin parameters (which are inter-related); together with the weight loss itself, this helps manage inflammation (reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines), improves the lipid profile and the endothelial function, and indirectly reduces the risk of complications (including the particularly common cardiovascular incidents) in patients with type 2 diabetes.