PRKAA2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Thus, while Sidr honey exhibited antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects, likely due to its high phenolic load, Talh honey’s broader efficacy against obesity, hyperglycemia, and NAFLD stems from its unique phytochemical profile, including gallic acid, vanillic acid, quinic acid—and its physicochemical properties that jointly activate AMPK and Nrf2 pathways more robustly.