It activates AMPK to induce a shift from anabolic to catabolic metabolism, increases insulin sensitivity, and promotes the secretion of growth/differentiation factors in the intestines and kidneys, thereby reducing dietary intake and lowering blood sugar and weight during pregnancy in patients with PCOS (Dunne et al., 2023; Tocci et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene INS and polycystic ovary syndrome.