Additionally, while the potential synergy between CLDN18.2-targeted therapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has been discussed, we hypothesize that combining CLDN18.2-targeted therapy with anti-angiogenic agents (e.g., lenvatinib and anlotinib) may enhance tumor penetration and anti-tumor efficacy, offering a novel option for patients with multi-line resistance. The gene discussed is CLDN18; the disease is neoplasm.