Zhu et al. [73] demonstrated that oral administration of a synthetic TLR9 agonist (an immunomodulatory oligonucleotide) can promote a strong Th1-type immune response and reduce Th2-response by stimulating TLR9 at both mucosal and systemic levels, thereby protecting against anaphylactic reactions in murine models of peanut allergy. The gene discussed is TLR9; the disease is peanut allergic reaction.