This is in line with prior findings from the Rotterdam Study and the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, both of which found no association between arteriosclerosis and cerebral amyloid accumulation.47,48 Taken together, these findings suggest that arteriosclerosis may not drive cerebral amyloid accumulation per se, but may contribute to AD dementia through alternative pathways, such as those involving Aβ40 and NfL. The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is arteriosclerosis.