BCL2 and cancer: The mechanisms contributing to cisplatin resistance in cancer cells include increased drug efflux through proteins such as MRP2 and ATP7B, enhanced detoxification via GSTK1, inhibited drug uptake through CTR1, altered DNA repair involving ERCC1 and ERCC4, and increased production of antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and XIAP [24, 25].