IRS1 and atrial fibrillation: Histological examination through H&E staining revealed that the LV-IRS1 group exhibited a significant increase in the number of AFs and CLs in the ovaries compared with the control group (LV-NC), indicating that IRS1 promoted AF formation (p < 0.01) and oocyte ovulation (p < 0.01; Fig. 5A, C).