CTLA4 and colorectal carcinoma: For instance, the active substance Avenanthramide A (AVN A) extracted from oats can treat CRC by triggering cellular aging, and the miR-129-3p/Pirh2/p53 signaling pathway is involved in this process (175); the berberine derivative B68 has been proven to induce cellular senescence, disrupt the immunosuppressive PD-1/PD-L1 interaction, promote the rapid clearance of senescent tumor cells, and work synergistically with anti-CTLA4 therapy to further enhance anti-tumor immunity (176).