CASP3 and infection: To determine the role of caspase-3 and MLKL in mediating VSV-NDV-associated ICD, ATP release and cell membrane-associated CRTs were analyzed as representative ICD markers in caspase-3 and MLKL knockouts of A549 and H1437 in comparison with their wild-type counterparts or NTCs in the context of infection with increasing MOIs (MOIs of 0.01–1) of virus.